Quality of Research
Documents Reviewed
The documents below were reviewed for Quality of Research. The research point of
contact can provide information regarding the studies reviewed and the availability
of additional materials, including those from more recent studies that may have been conducted.
Study 1Perry, C. L., Williams, C. L., Komro, K. A., Veblen-Mortenson, S., Stigler, M. H., Munson, K. A., et al. Project Northland: Long-term outcomes of community action to reduce adolescent alcohol use. Health Education Research, 17(2), 117-132.
Supplementary Materials Perry, C. L., Williams, C. L., Forster, J. L., Wolfson, M., Wagenaar, A. C., Finnegan, J. R., et al. Background, conceptualization, and design of a community-wide research program on adolescent alcohol use: Project Northland. Health Education Research, 8(1), 125-136.
Perry, C. L., Williams, C. L., Komro, K. A., Veblen-Mortenson, S., Forster, J. L., Bernstein-Lachter, R., et al. Project Northland high school interventions: Community action to reduce adolescent alcohol use. Health Education & Behavior, 27(1), 29-49.
Williams, C. L., Toomey, T. L., McGovern, P., Wagenaar, A. C., & Perry, C. L. Development, reliability, and validity of self-report alcohol-use measures with young adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse, 4(3), 17-40.
Outcomes
| Outcome 1: Tendency to use alcohol |
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Description of Measures
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Students' self-reported past alcohol use and intentions to use alcohol in the future were measured using the Tendency To Use Alcohol Scale. The scale combined items from the Monitoring the Future survey on actual alcohol use with other items about intention to use alcohol. Questions included "On how many occasions have you had alcoholic beverages to drink?" at four past time points (lifetime, past 12 months, past 30 days, past 7 days) and "How likely is it that you'll drink an alcoholic beverage?" at four future time points (ever, next 12 months, next 30 days, next 7 days). Students responded on a scale from 1 (0 occasions) to 7 (40 or more occasions).
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Key Findings
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Class Action participants were less likely to report increased alcohol use or increased intentions to use alcohol in the future, as measured by the Tendency To Use Alcohol Scale, compared with peers who did not participate in the intervention (p < .05).
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Studies Measuring Outcome
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Study 1
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Study Designs
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Experimental
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Quality of Research Rating
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3.1
(0.0-4.0 scale)
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| Outcome 2: Binge drinking |
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Description of Measures
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Binge drinking was measured using an item from the Monitoring the Future survey: "On how many occasions have you had five or more drinks in a row in the past 3 weeks?" Students responded using a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (0 occasions) to 6 (10 or more occasions).
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Key Findings
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Students who received the program reported fewer occasions of binge drinking than students who did not receive the program (p < .05).
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Studies Measuring Outcome
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Study 1
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Study Designs
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Experimental
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Quality of Research Rating
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3.2
(0.0-4.0 scale)
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Study Populations
The following populations were identified in the studies reviewed for Quality of
Research.
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Study
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Age
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Gender
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Race/Ethnicity
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Study 1
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13-17 (Adolescent)
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53% Male
47% Female
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93% White
5% American Indian or Alaska Native
2% Race/ethnicity unspecified
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Quality of Research Ratings by Criteria (0.0-4.0 scale)
External reviewers independently evaluate the Quality of Research for an intervention's
reported results using six criteria:
For more information about these criteria and the meaning of the ratings, see Quality of Research.
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Outcome
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Reliability
of Measures
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Validity
of Measures
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Fidelity
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Missing
Data/Attrition
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Confounding
Variables
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Data
Analysis
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Overall
Rating
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1: Tendency to use alcohol
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3.0
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3.8
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2.5
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3.0
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2.8
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3.8
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3.1
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2: Binge drinking
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3.3
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3.8
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2.5
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3.0
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2.8
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3.8
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3.2
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Study Strengths A randomized controlled design with multiple evaluation strategies was used to examine the effect of this comprehensive alcohol prevention program. The program is based on a sound theoretical foundation, and the survey instruments used have good psychometric properties (high internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and acceptable criterion-related validity. The participation rate within the large population-based study was relatively high. In addition, appropriate and sophisticated analytic methods (growth curve analyses) were used to evaluate change across time, trends within the data, and differences among subgroups.
Study Weaknesses One of the 24 school districts did not participate for 1 of the 2 years of Phase II (Class Action). Generalizability of findings is limited because the study took place in small, rural communities, and school districts were not equivalent at baseline. It is difficult to assess the relative contribution of the five intervention components to the success of the intervention. In addition, it is unclear why changes in psychosocial risk factors did not correspond to the changes in outcome measures.
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Readiness for Dissemination
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Materials Reviewed
The materials below were reviewed for Readiness for Dissemination. The implementation
point of contact can provide information regarding implementation of the intervention
and the availability of additional, updated, or new materials.
Class Action casebooks [with CD-ROMs]:
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 1: Drinking and driving on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 2: Fetal alcohol syndrome on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 3: Drinking and violence on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 4: Date rape on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 5: Drinking and vandalism on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
- Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Case 6: School alcohol policies on trial. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
Class Action postcards
NREPP Project Northland and Class Action Program Application: Readiness for Dissemination [Binder]
Perry, C., Williams, C., & Veblen-Mortenson, S. Class Action teacher's manual. Hazelden Foundation: Center City, MN.
Project Northland/Class Action Surveys and Process Data Forms [CD-ROM]
Readiness for Dissemination Ratings by Criteria (0.0-4.0 scale)
External reviewers independently evaluate the intervention's Readiness for Dissemination
using three criteria:
- Availability of implementation materials
- Availability of training and support resources
- Availability of quality assurance procedures
For more information about these criteria and the meaning of the ratings, see Readiness for Dissemination.
Implementation
Materials
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Training and Support
Resources
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Quality Assurance
Procedures
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Overall
Rating
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4.0
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3.8
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2.8
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3.5
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Dissemination Strengths The program curriculum is well designed and contains detailed instructions for teachers. Multiple copies of handouts and other materials are provided along with reproducible master copies. Training and support are available from the developer, though the comprehensive nature of the curriculum does not require significant levels of training. Classroom observation forms and satisfaction evaluation forms are provided to support quality assurance.
Dissemination Weaknesses The extent of ongoing technical assistance available to potential implementers is unclear. No information is provided on how to analyze the information to be derived from the quality assurance materials.
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Costs
The cost information below was provided by the developer. Although this cost information
may have been updated by the developer since the time of review, it may not reflect
the current costs or availability of items (including newly developed or discontinued
items). The implementation point of contact can provide current information and
discuss implementation requirements.
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Item Description
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Cost
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Required by Developer
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Class Action Curriculum
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$795.00
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Yes
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1 day, onsite basic implementation training
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$3500 per site, plus travel expenses
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No
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Scope and sequence document, research information, and fidelity checklist
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Included with curricula
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No
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Additional Information The cost to implement Class Action includes the purchase of the curriculum (which an experienced teacher can deliver without training) and the cost of the teacher's salary. Discounts are available depending on the volume of order totals, and purchasers who place orders through Hazelden's Online Bookstore receive free shipping.
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